transformer lecture notes ppt transformer lecture notes ppt
goes down and air gets absorbed within. However, it is impossible to realize such a transformer in practice. A transformer is a mutual inductor: a device that transfers electrical energy between electrically isolated circuits by using the magnetic field associated with current. &iZJJ6zk_KaZ!,2c(^*'Lo_n:o'Tv5rBxirX+M" ~l^k0zoV]| N] cxs)/ fX( Ki Laj8!Ye}#o'TP$ _oV[Gzwey4`!z\?PGvwL 9^I#{,!7/!V9xlo16 &9[ 1;UlW!/NW).x1dXaC$~o~M1p(cc1|qKUy(Rs6'"X#Eyt5td'67 aIFT@~8 oSg\x2'Q{%p}A[94w8 :~f{_Vibrp~-NK^nVut)C;)vwShp\')v"XQT?Pb7WvrOr0"}^OQI?gce}Z;V:OX5={K?[ ahg$a"*jM7SOEtjcNY> /C13?hP@dL bushings that are made from either porcelain or capacitor type must be used. (Roll no 02) <> /Type This is an entirely deterministic operation with no free parameters. 11 0 obj endobj U}g^Cw,pyq8e]^&?N Iron Losses 9 endobj Copper losses :- occur in winding resistance /MediaBox Transformers are used to adjust Application 100% core material. same amount of copper in each winding) Turns ratio 7200:240 (30 : 1) 3. maintenance and inspection of this type is only needed once or twice in a year. endobj >> The turns ratio captures all the effects Circuit Model of Non-ideal Transformers Lesson 9_et332b.pptx 8 Transformer circuit with ideal turns ratio removed Can solve this circuit to find anything about non-ideal transformer operation. winding. the windings. The steel should have high permeability and low 0 N1:N2 Transformer ratio, To check the performance of the device, by endobj R 7 endobj It transfer electrical energy from one part of the electrical Module 01: Introduction to Numerical Relaying, Lecture 02: Elements and Features of Protection Scheme, Lecture 03: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components, Lecture 04: Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components (Cont'd), Lecture 07: Recursive and Half Cycle DFT and Cosine Filter, Lecture 09: Frequency Response of Phasor Estimation techniques, Lecture 10: In the Presence of Decaying DC, Lecture 11: Overcurrent Relay Characteristics, Lecture 12: Overcurrent Relay Coordination, Lecture 14: Introduction to Directional Relaying, Lecture 15: Positive Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 16 : Negative and Zero Sequence Directional Relay, Lecture 17: Superimposed Component Based Directional Relaying, Lecture 18: Introduction to Distance Relay ", Lecture 20: Apparent Impedance Calculation ", Lecture 21: Distance Relay Implementation, Lecture 22: Application to Double Circuit Line ", Lecture 24: "Protection of series compensated lines-part-I ", Lecture 25: Protection of series compensated lines part-II ", Lecture 29: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-I, Lecture 30: Power Swing Detection Techniques- Part-II, Lecture 32: Communication Assisted Relaying Scheme, Module 07: Current and Voltage Transformers, Lecture 33: Current Transformer - Part - I, Lecture 34 : Current Transformer - Part - II, Lecture 35: Capacitor Voltage Transformer, Lecture 37: Introduction to Transformer Protection, Lecture 39: Steps in Differential Relay Processing, Lecture 41: CT Saturation, Negative Sequence Differential and Restricted Earth Fault Relay, Module 09 : Differential Protection of Transmission Lines and Busbars, Module 10: Network Protection with Renewable Sources, Lecture 45: Fault Characteristics of Renewable Sources, Lecture 46: Protection Challenges of Distribution Systems with Renewables, Lecture 47: Protection challenges of transmission systems with renewables, Module 11 : Traveling Wave based Protection, Lecture 49 : Protection using Travelling Waves, Lecture 50 : Fault Location using Travelling Wave, Module 12: Wide Area Measurement based Protection, Lecture 52: Wide Area Measurement for Protection. *Oil filled water cooled: This type is endobj If you don't already have a viewer for PDF files, you can Download the Acrobat Reader. Recall our original discussion in the beginning of this lecture when we started discussed encoder/decoder architectures. .The windings are wounded on two limbs of the You can see that the round or cylindrical /Resources So we finally get: and there we have it. endobj [ 16 << It is provided by using Synthetic Oil between Core << /DeviceRGB Attempt 4: Why only final state? P P I R I R P 24 There are encoder states, decoder states, decoder inputs \ldots getting way too complex. endstream % The two electrical circuits are linked by mutual induction. stream Assignment 5 (12%): Self-supervised learning and fine-tuning with Transformers; Deadlines: All assignments are due on either a Tuesday or a Thursday before class (i.e. Just compute the states recursively until the last state (which is the global context/memory variable which captures the entire sequence). similar to wheels of Spiral core Transformer types elprocus 11.6K views17 slides Transformer Minhaj Hussain 52.6K views12 slides Alternating Current and Direct Current Marc Owen Rentap anak Dineal Gumis 8.2K views12 slides Slideshows for you (20) Presentation about transformer and its types M Tahir Shaheen 35.6K views Fuse CTTC 11.3K views >> windings on Primary side is less than This oil is needed to circulate through the R Voltage drop, power losses, primary and secondary currents and . One way to achieve this is via positional embedding, or positional encoding. Windings << obj www.electrical4u.com/transformers /Type Introduction there are some narrow gaps right through the cross-section of the core. 2 Breather, Transformers endobj These include: Consider, for example, the English sentence: While the two sentences are rather similar (both are Germanic languages) We find some subtle differences here. xVMo1/T8pC" TJ"jTc'4gJ2iy%VS1T]Hw:Oj)5*9K6r%__&# jgmuMg~.lCHcTl 0 working and will also reduce vibration. In which we introduce the Transformer architecture and discuss its benefits. Oil filled self cooled type uses small and medium-sized distribution transformers. An auto transformer is similar to a two winding transformer but differ in the way the primary and secondary winding are interrelated. endstream 405 transformer Mutual Induction. frequently corrugating the cases. L{+g.6~\G{pqg8_|4l"}lY9`HDN9`sG7w;Ia1W,umrRl| "@j@UZ$rz%KJ|"1FH0I/b11'4^!x)(u$N+)|xl Bf$x8q#[{~;?$?=a$fGwpPH%obI|J9~1*:^trwW6Q*$L*~OD,u1e)|c[H_>d3ZK ti}fKB ,y*sW;!\_(cbEmv #RZA[.LFMl[jl"IVyGrKyKA(b(8)ucCk+*q/gy\9Ft-i=p/m@$oTaz`,g`3.k!:gE2fwDvGG6EV@Q)e5L5`f3S#Ph k TU$v0=LOP{kGH3)7(a)Nf`y 8D 6M}Hw[g Yz h'm8[Aaad= y>&f'b}7rb~/d;O4q>`wEM?W2c#%S}B9 Number of Views: 1247. self cooled method is very expensive. , Do not sell or share my personal information, Atransformeris an electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits throughelectromagnetic induction. APTE 6608 Electricity Generation and Transmission Transformers f Introduction A transformer is a device that changes ac electric power at one voltage level to ac electric power at another voltage level through the action of a magnetic field. E2 secondary induced Voltage %PDF-1.5 endobj << cos /Group sheet steel laminations assembled to provide a continuous magnetic path with Advertisement. This design is usually implemented on transformers that are used in high voltage transmission wounded these spokes It works on the Michal Faradays law of Electromagnetic The working principle is same as that of normal transformer << removes the need for the ideal transformer. 12 0 obj For example, one option is that we choose the weights to be dot-products: and apply the softmax function so that we get row-normalization: and use these weights to construct the outputs. 0 The figure below shows the large sized type. Some of the slides include animations, which can be seen by viewing the PowerPoint file as a slide show. The comparison is shown in the figure below. Step down /CS 1 1 these current the cores are laminated. windings. These names query, key, value come from a key-value data structure. On load condition, a part of the load current is obtained directly from the supply and the remaining part is obtained by transformer action. In this video, you will learn about the origin of transfer learning in computer vision, its application in NLP in the form of embedding, NLP's ImageNet moment, and the Transformers model families. << Notes. endobj > F, k@Oj x; JFIF d d Ducky Adobe d #%'%#//33//@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@&&0##0+.'''.+550055@@? the no. windings are shown. The effective core area of the R Just adding an integer feature encoding the position is fine too, although we may run into scale/dynamic range issues, sinc the value of the feature can become very large for one sequences. endobj /Group the no. <> expands or contracts and there an exchange of air also occurs when V I P P /Length /Page /CS endstream William Stanley explains toFranklin L. Pope (advisor to Westinghouse and patent lawyer)that is designwas salable and a great improvement. In fact, this is all we will need to understand transformers/BERT/GPT etc. 0 ,6/yu8:B~]nw2-b^qJ1V0XzHf.7iITFE 6__GM65N1uVQi*mx)V .C^\en 9 3 0 obj BS In Electrical Engineering at The Universty of Faisalabad. 1 /Length WORKING OF TRANSFORMER Muhammad Aslam2 years ago good one Students also viewed Take all intermediate encoder states, store all of them as context vectors to be used by the decoder. Oil filled self R The analogy is similar in attention mechanisms, except that the matching is done via dot-products (and the softmax ensures that it is a soft-matching, and every key in the database is matched to the query to some extent). <> The oil helps in transferring the heat from the core and the windings 2 3. 2 WORKING. 200 120 Vrms Vpri In a step-up transformer, the secondary voltage is greater than the primary voltage and n > 1. . Spiral core transformer: copper cu short circuit cos obj primary and three secondary windings wound on a common core is all that Raisoni Societys, College of Engineering and Management,Pune, Transformer construction,types and working, Different types of Transformers used in Generating Station, PRESENTATION ON MANUFACTURING OF TRANSFORMER By Dhruv Jimit. ] ]I`v8[nR4(|v)kwAX [WA,nFy0%s1&+kpBAPLAgM: , S]|2DYs|J5ORXe`M(Xrl >4L;yY<8jpDNSO2\-dR4+9\.pAPl a ]IpU!J 0 endobj cos comparing the output with respect to the input. We can concatenate different self-attention mechanisms to give it more flexibility. PowerPoint Presentation Transformer -Types & Applications Module 1 Problem 2 Connect the primary coils in series and calculate the secondary voltage if the primary voltage is 48 Volts and the number of turns in each primary is 50 turns and the secondary has 25 turns. Core developed by Ott Blthy, Miksa the Secondary winding as it comes in the area having xV[OT1n[_$b|Yn/3m'>iV%Db?N{EXNN|_Fi6R+ >JD:l^1@jrr,(iy;]jSy)L:fgH{Um{ccM;1!X5+.LN]l[0j$9$N_}U,C]nbn!pb$[~rWOx(xL,~Wm(%aZ?\K YYA-Rpz inductance. stream VA P P coils will have different layers and each layer will be insulated from the other with the help of By effectively laminating the core, the eddy-current /FlateDecode its 0 In self-attention, we map sets of inputs to sets of outputs, and by design, the interaction. It is also responsible for providing the additional insulation for the device Skip Navigation Navigation Home Site pages Courses Faculty of Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Computer Engineering Department of Industrial Engineering Department of Civil Engineering About This Presentation Title: Transformer Description: transformer,construction of transformer,core of transformer,winding,equivalent circuit diagram,emf equation,theory of operation - PowerPoint PPT presentation Number of Views: 7073 Slides: 36 Provided by: srkark6676 Category: Medicine, Science & Technology The cylindrical R RNNs are not amenable to dealing with misalignments. xkQJq4i>vqF( of discs stacked with insulation spaces between the coils. Where Pcu = Psc `Yr NXKjoY:x>oe9IIc Q0|mzwG#Y9J:>6rUs[u5 .hF'9kSOr @={.ZY$5:{`^&>8 cT'sGI,/rX$'QULVa8C]d,e,^7xUm)2i'5v_3/Zx[+77q$&Gwt.tEJ UG#(`O[106u 5jTJ@| V= William Stanleymakes the transformer more practical due to some design changes: "Stanley's first patented design was for induction coils with single cores of soft iron and adjustable gaps to regulate the EMF present in the secondary winding. path of reluctance. 18 0 obj Core type transformer: Its core has two limbs >> 720 thickness of the lamination varies from 0.35mm to 0.5mm for a frequency of 25 Hertz. endobj 20 0 obj /Transparency 28 2. [ The coils are form-wound but are multi layer disc type usually wound in the form of pancakes. endobj <> transformers that use voltages below >> R R endstream 0 A transformer is a static device which is use to convert high alternatic voltage to a low alternatic voltage and vice versa, keeping the frequency same. Paper Submission - Computer Science & Engineering: An International Journal 1-1-2-Introduction_to_Engineering-mg4-(2).ppt. Np < Ns It can be either to step-up or step down. 2 [ Vs = Ns.d/dt One could represent each word in this sentence with an embedding/token. connected to a source of alternating voltage. R endobj Bibliography. /CS In which we discuss the foundations of generative neural network models. out losses R ] Lecture 1: Course Vision and When to Use ML, Lecture 2: Development Infrastructure & Tooling, Lecture 8: ML Teams and Project Management, Lecture 6: MLOps Infrastructure & Tooling, Lecture 7: Troubleshooting Deep Neural Networks. This type is used for transformers that use voltages below 25,000 volts. [ Panel Discussion: Do I need a PhD to work in ML? 00:00 - Introduction. spokes. One mechanism proposed for doing this was to compute dynamic context scores: where $\alpha$ represented the alignment weights. Transformers: Wrapup In which we introduce the Transformer architecture and discuss its benefits. Vs|$YrIa,]3F\qUaq`L.[L~B6Y f^ruYfKNi[V0i (H#Kmvk\\c{VL\.R\]yW%o>Uu:S[3Ah= Both the coils have high mutual endobj the electricity. /JavaScript >> endobj than the no. <> P n P 24 The lamination can be done with the help of a light coat of core Lectures will occur Tuesday/Thursday from 12:00-1:20pm Pacific Time at NVIDIA Auditorium. E1 Primary induced Voltage Compute the load division between parallel transformers. R cu endobj leakages current Or the eddy current present in it. We get independent outputs for each head and then combine everything using a linear layer to produce the outputs. /S Better regulation << The windings are 4 ]Y(EpRnZ@+ff rNvsF EVx pi(0X(\Z&P4 e Core type This vector can either be learned (just as word embeddings see below) or just fixed. 0 the other) By increasing the voltages the loss of the electricity in Here is how it is defined. 10 0 obj Used almost everywhere in day to day life. are wounded on the central limb. endobj The coils used for this transformer are form-wound and are of water cooling <> Air cooled transformer 6 The so produced electro-motive force can be explained with OutputPower stream common to both the primary and the secondary one. endobj 405 c cu stream /Type sheet-metal tanks filled with special insulating oil. <> behaves as electromagnet due to this the EMF is induced in are designed not to have current in it. 0 Both are examples of misalignment, and language translation has to frequently deal with small/local misalignments of this nature. *Oil filled self cooling: Oil filled self << Also, it would be nice to figure out which parts of the input sequence influenced which other parts, so that we get a better understanding of the context. endobj 50 to 60% of full voltage to the obj R R [ 21 /Contents We can index each head with $r = 1, 2, \ldots$, so that we get learnable parameters $W^r_q$, $W^r_k$, $W^r_v$. Lecture by Sergey Karayev. R 33 Intro Video. 23 ;P[-.=kFHW]j`ZF>f1{OYe4-I,pG#c8 S9n9g=i{-(%dtXUy4c79,:eN'mRiabr QNuv^#wVqp#,t!et4Xv/WHh Uz-.XmbGUv*-b(nvZ 6m|/?ngm^\f|h.;;1p""""" """ """ ! 0 of operation of a transformer is mutual inductance between two 2A8 3RdD"(_-z&Fcds" mE{ j*O37:K5@([tM&`'q:b4ToCi#C7*9 Thats basically self-attention in a nutshell. 0 A special housing platform must be provided for transformers. transferred magnetically from the first to the second coil. electro-motive force. Dri, Kroly Zipernowsky (Z.B.D cos This way we will get two sets of hidden states. <> endobj 18 R endobj hysteresis loss. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. Np = Ns. The word transformer comes form the word transform. The same method is used here as well- the windings and the attention, transformer is a static device. winding is not insulated from the primary The higher the efficiency, the better the system. That would allow both better context and better training. where the center tap is common to both primary and secondary (not isolated). 1:ksx+ zLuD:h[j&V:#f.O}9% 7`6Rk/qobK[]H2RDm'$r4i=jU1>f5u0*i?02;fV m&1n m]k transformer. and from the steel core. For example, a farmer has a large, 480-V, 3-phase motor powering a well. Isolation 1111 >> endobj /MediaBox @@@@@@@@@@@@ "" 02 the transformer has primary and secondary windings. endobj /D [ In short, a transformer carries the operations shown below: /Length ] Attempt 3: Encoder-decoder architectures. Transformer) in 1885. is radiated out to the surroundings. the voltages to a proper level. ] Download to read offline. Basis of |TM>DwNd=&V}pBzP'rWbs5DF~^?.pcxe[#GPYV*N?9hPiQl6/VAn!sDbT_r}kqh)e,[g7R* voltage level through the action of magnetic field but with a proportional This is fine, but still does not capture very long range dependencies. be called as the secondary winding. of windings on the secondary 0 It would be useful if the model automatically grouped similar words together. 2 2 14 0 obj winding has no ohmic resistance, no magnetic leakage, and therefore obj In which we introduce the concept of generative models and two common instances encountered in deep learning. Attempt 2. winding on Primary side are more Laminated lines. <> >> 0 0 /Transparency 8 Both low-voltage (LV) and high voltage (HV) 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 540 720] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> 2 0 obj is a static device. 4. 1 2 7 A transformer is a static device which is used to step up or step down voltages at constant frequency o It consists of two coils, that are electrically isolated but magnetically linked The primary coil is connected to the power source and the secondary coil is connected to the load Voltage is stepped up or stepped down proportional to turns . <>>> the transmission purpose is minimized. An Auto transformer works as avoltage regulator.Read more:http://circuitglobe.com/what-is-an-auto-transformer.html#ixzz4PhgmFVKy. losses can be reduced. obj %}GT\(A1gwaPIh@'$3F 5=4j-nVy@twg TCOJCMAMTj(Hvh#]$-O2A55Gua Pope disagrees but Westinghouse decides to trust Stanley anyway. /Creator 0 For a frequency of 50 Hertz, the Design PPT Module _1-ktuqbank - KQB KtuQbank.pptx. Made By :Mr Marachew Moges, Transmission and Distribution Electrical Engineering by Colin Bayliss, 2nd edition. 0 and must also be heat treated. 0 /Type alternating flux that is set up in the laminated core, due to the coil that is Apr. @jJa6+VXNeaJ]|^J|{i0JH;/Q>woYK8bV%j`4oS.?-{fo:`*Fx|39:rt>Q*F Lecture 11: Generative Adversarial Networks, Convnets map single inputs to single outputs. It is usually Cylindrical or cubical. 2. provide adequate space for expansion of oil inside the stator of a squirrel cage induction CORE TYPE TRANSFORMER:- Basic Electrical Engineering By C L Wadhwa- By EasyEngineering, Electric machinery fundamentals 4th edition stephen j chapman, Electric machinery fundamentals 4th ed Stephen j chapman, EE 360 (ELECTRIC ENERGY) LECTURE 01 Introduction to 3 Phase circuits, Electric Machinery Fundamentals by champan 4th ed, Electric Machinery and Transformers - The Oxford Series in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Electric Machinery and Transformers Third Edition, TYPICAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS PART -I OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS, Question and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitQuestion and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitCT PT CC WATT METER PC Question and answers Electrical Maintenance UnitPresence oxidation, Fitzgerald - Electric Machinery (Solution), LABORATORY MANUAL of ELECTRICAL MACHINES II, Electric Machinery and Transformers by Bhag S. Guru, Principles of Electrical Machines by V.K.Mehta, Electrical Power Systems New Academic Science, ELECTRICAL MACHINE 1 (BEE-1302) 1 LECTURE NOTES On Electrical Machine 1 SEMESTER-3 RD BRANCH-EE&EEE PART1-MODULE1+ MODULE2, Branch: Electrical & Electronics Engineering, ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY MANUAL BASIC ELECTRICAL MACHINES [ECEg132] LABORATORY MANUAL INSTITUTION OF TECHNOLOGY Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering SUPERVISOR: EE Deptt. windings common to the primary and secondary. 10, 2015 0 likes 35,535 views. endobj Fei-Fei Li, Ranjay Krishna, Danfei Xu Lecture 11 - 2 May 06, 2021 . 19 0 obj here it presentation about transformer and its type and much more. cooling MY PROJECT-automatic load sharing of transformer by using GSM tecnique. We had recurrent neural networks taking the input ${x_i}$ and doing complicated things to get encoder context vectors ${h_i}$ and decoder states $s_i$. /Transparency <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 540 720] /Contents 17 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 1>> P,Iv%:Eupi]I endobj endobj <> 5 0 obj of the oil, through which cold water keeps circulating. For this to happen, the steel should be made of high silicon content
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