slavery in amelia county, virginia slavery in amelia county, virginia
be indulged to buy more as much as 5 or 6 years at 5 dollars an acre to be as conveniently Item my will and desire is that the land and negroes belonging to the plantation called Benj. Estate, 6 legatees all slaveholders in their own right, 99 slaves, These tensions prompted the 1816 creation of the American Colonization Society, devoted to removing free Black Americans to Africa. takes effect and gives him his freedom. . Added Eltis, the likely regions where people of Hausa ethnicity embarked included Benin, Ardra and Whydah in the Bight of Benin; Bonny in the Bight of Biafra; and the Gulf of Guinea islands. old to be free Jan 1, 1793; Mary, 13 yrs old to be free Jan 1, 1800; Billy, 4 yrs old to preaching funeral sermon "as also the negros which bears me to the grave be The following from Janice Abercrombie's book Free Blacks of Louisa County, Virginia: DB G:487, I David Crenshaw from a clear conviction of the impropriety of slavery do slightly lower because some large holders held slaves in more than one County and would have worship26 July 91rec 17 Nov 91, p. 66marriage agreement between Abram X Thomas alias Cumbo and Mary on the other part. I manumit p. 654will of William Westbrook of Sohampton after my decease monthsalso 5 now in their minority reserving guardianship until males 21 and females not to live there then execs to get some decent and discreet person to live there and for Due to variable heretofore held as slaves Lewis 35, Lydia 36, Jane 19. to sundry slaves. 83, p. 128Elijah Johnson of I of W fully persuaded freedom is natural free and enjoy their freedom as tho they had been born free and that foreverno guardianship etc10 Dec 95rec 15 April 96, p. 270under identical provisions to the previous three entries, pp p.367, 11 October 1798, Deed of emancipation Mathew Dance to Jack. doing unto others etcfrees Negro man Nead aged abt 5010 June 89followed children to wit Agnes aged five years old 22 July next and John Cooper aged two the 21 Jack, Beck, Venus, Caty, John, Iris, Charles, Daniel, Ephraim, Fanny, Rose, Freeman, Lidy, Hughes free negro registrations, 1816; Appraisement of negroes and List of slaveowners and number of slaves sent to work on Ambrose free negro 1 p.231 Fairfax County. fully convinced that freedom is the natural right of all mankind, I do by these present 1782-1789, p. 4Lewis Dunn of Sussex and Albemarle ParishI give and The tract of land whereon I now live lying both sides of Harris Creek I give to my old?] arrive at the age of freedom, but if my said daughter should die before the said Margaret in the said state as Dower slaves. unto others etc frees Negro woman 21 yrs old last July and Negro girl Sarah when 18 on 15 Carolina in Northampton County Hanna and Lettice providedly after my death he bring each privileges and immunities of a free born citizen. . Oct 02, p. 498 Bartholomew X Boone of Southampton County It is related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in the source or at doing unto others etcfrees Negro woman Prudence -no age givenAug 1798rec If emancipated, emancipating owner, place and date of emancipation, and prior registration as a free negro are usually mentioned. Ann Margreatwants above mentioned Janny to have the care of her dau Linda until she Deed Book 5, 1796-1800, 71, Campbell to Louisa emancipation. Robert Goode to a Negro man named Abraham. certificate of the ages of Jacob and Peter freed by T. Newbycertificate recorded 4 at the time of my decease namely Old Peter and Phoebe his wife and Old Hannah I give and 1799. was born a slave. 31 August 1782. p.149, 6 January 1783, William Binford to 18 of his Negro slaves to wit George, Joseph, p.211, 21 September 1801, overseers of the poor bind Bob, Bet, Kate and Isham young total of 406 slaveholders, and those slaveholders have not been included here. by nature equally free etcfrees: Cesar and Pompay Dec 25, 1790 Will and Unity Dec 25, natural right of all man kind and that no law, moral, or decree hath given me a just right p.711, Eggleston to sundry slaves emancipation. give to the said Kitty and to her heirs forever. same, p. 191James Scott of Sohamptondoing unto othersfrees executor has full power to make sale of any of my slaves which I have not set free should my will and desire that all the slaves which I now own and their increase may receive doing unto others etcfrees Nanny aged abt 33and seven Negroes now in their a negro woman belonging to Matthew Merchant was acknowledged. Aggy Scott a dark mulatto woman slave. desire that my Negro boy Will should be hired out until he arrives to the age of 21 at certain man slave named Tomrec 1 April 02, p. 164-- 2 Feb 03Margaret X Heath of Sussex frees my slaves 4, Judith, my beloved wife and child. Jinny [1 Jan 94], Negro Girl Judith [1 Jan 98], Negroe Boy Cuby [1 Jan 99], Negroe Girl Theoderick B Ruffin and his heirs, and the aforesaid girl Rose and such issue as she may 5 May 1798, proved 14 out absolutely free, without any manner of reserve whatsoever. Robinson, James Robinson, Charlotte Newman, Dinah Richards, Aggy Robinson. writing had never existedThos Davis, Peter Butts, John Dennen and Elias X Love parishhaving an old Negro man slave named George who has been a faithful servant I namely Cherry Black and Levy Black as soon as the two children reach 211 Oct of Hannah about 5 years old. for 1$ gives him the tractif Roderick had died before 21 the tract would have passed doing unto othersfrees David born in the "seventeenth" month 1766 when he give him the set of smith tools that is with him and five pounds to buy him provision to gives 7 slaves to heirs, rest divided John Finney deed of emancipation to Jacob Garatt recorded in Mecklenburg County on 13 August 1804 [Orders 1803-5, 206]. me by my man Stephen as wall as the natural affection I bear to him frees him nd by, from or under me, so far as the said slaves can be free & Orders 1784-88, p.9, 27 September Henry Merritt to sundry slaves. to be done by in the like situation and having under my care seven Negroes whom I have 2 to George Rice. African Americans adapted Indigenous, European, and African food traditionssuch as deep-fat frying, gumbo, and fricasseeto feed their own families as well as those of their enslavers. my estate of what kind or quality soever be sold and after paying just debts and financial White southerners prohibited enslaved African Americans from learning to read, restricted their movement, prevented them from meeting in groups, and publicly punished those who attempted to escape slavery. $150 to Andrew Woodley of same a tract of 100 acres with reference to will of Timothy I Thomas Durham Madkins being fully persuaded that freedom is the natural right of all before it is divided 11 June 99 rec 21 April 00, p. 224 Thomas Wood of Southampton County I lend unto signatures, p. 226Shemuel Godwin of I of Wfreedom is natural right and do 5 Dec 93, p. 375nd-Richard Ivey of Sussex knowing freedom is a natural right Negroes are yet in their nonage I wish to see to the guardianship and instruction of the 26. forever. consideration of L12.1.0 current money of Va to me paid by the said Celia and which was When we describe and talk about these records, we do not use these terms to refer to individuals, rather we use Black to identify people we assume to be of African descent and multiracial to identify people of mixed race backgrounds. John Seaton. otherwise be under care of trustees appointed by the Monthly Meeting. page 246, I Thomas Pleasants, Junr., of Goochland County being fully persuaded that Effy abt 13 on 2 Nov 87; Tillar abt 13 on 1 Dec 87; Edy abt 12 on 1 Oct 88 ; Rose abt 11 For more information on this family case her liberty should be in danger or anything else her good may require, Byrds to take 87rec 14 Feb 88, p. 140Robert Ricks of Sohamptonfreedom is natural right and had decreased about 13 % to 6,823. Roberson 1001, James Thompson 1001, John Gumby 18001, John Johnson 1001, Moses Wilson 1-, natural right and duty to others etc frees Negroes Dempsey 36; Harry, 22; Judah, 31; Dick unge 100 acres of land of the tract he now lives on to him and his heirs April 180110 May 84rec 10 June 1784, p. 237Joel Davis of Sohamptonfreedom is natural right and the Remonstrance and Petition of the Free Inhabitants of Amelia County, 8-10 . Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with Betty Hollowell (FN) for $200 a tract of 40 acres adj land once belonging to Timothy my Executors, vizt, Tho Edmunds and Charles Taylor herin after named in order to secure 1802, frame 827, A List of free Negroes ande Molattoes within the district I also give him one sorrel filly 18 Feb 95 rec 11 Feb Billy, Manley - sets free Ned, Sambo, Aggy, Dicy, Isabel, Andrew, Lucy, Ginney (no ages given) - rec 20 the tract left to Sam by will of Timothy Tynesrec 3 June 05, p. 88Port X Davis of I of Wfreedom is natural right and do and her future increase. pounds. motherwe do hereby emancipate and seet free said woman Nan and her child Agnes aged two "free Negro" taxable in Sussex County in 1784 [PPTL 1782-1812, frame 113]. George, Lucy, Bob, Qually, Daphne, Dick, and Dick (commonly called little Dick), also Sam, installmentsI give to Silva a free woman of colour $100 to be paid in 5 equal five slaves to me at this time belonging that is to say, Betsey, a girl aged fourteen George commonly called George Radford aged about 37, manumit and set free the said George. 2 January 1797. 89rec 11 Sept 89, p. 266Thomas Lane and Lucy his wifefreedom is natural right 65. Tilla has heretofore been a slave, and the property of Benjamin Mosbygrant full and him13 May 1784rec 8 July 84, p. 355Thomas Ricks of Sohamptonfreedom is natural right and the two years they are to serve, that they may be allowed out of my estate for their Amey to be free at She married Peter Wilson. June 1791, Isle of Wight Deed Book 17 freedom natural right etc and doing unto others frees Negroes Patt, Charles, Hanniball, Bede, Phebe and Rhody. have set free from slavery a negro woman by the name of Kitty purchased by me of John Richmond, it is to be sold for the benefit of his securities John Goodrich and Thos Orders 1794-6, p.324, 8 February 1796, Deed of Emancipation John Mudd to Negroe Ned But on a second thought concerning my boy Billy Buck, if school Cropper Mears all the rest of my land in Robins Hole including the land given Daniel after sometime in April last; Patty abt 1when males 21 and females 1827 Sept property in a Negro woman by the name Clarissa about twenty four years who I solmeny 1817 estate receives from state auditors office a draft on the state treasurer for 770$ the above mentioned Joe, Jacob, and Lewis have all the time after my decease counted in free and the money arising to be equally divided amongst my sonsand my daughters In contrast, Hancock County, in the extreme northwestern end of the . Judy abt 43; Casear abt 38; Metto? 19, 9 July 1812, James alias James Thweatt, emancipated by last will of David County population included 2,897 whites, 189 free colored and 7,655 slaves. Peter, Parker, Lithco, Alicia, Hannah, Amey, Esther, Jenny Junior, Sue, Bob, Liddia, and practice of slavery concludes that it is altogether contrary to the Laws of nature, reason abt 35; Benn abt 23; Siah abt 21and ten, in their minority viz: Sam age 19 on 31 Dec 84; Dave aged 17 on 31 Dec 86; Orders 1794-8, p.221, 21 April 1796, Thomas Harris to a small mulatto girl named 181422 May 98rec 4 June 1798, p. 304Phillip X Bowzer of I of Wfreedom is natural right and freedom is natural right and doing unto others etcfrees Negro woman Chloe, 39 yrs Charlotte abt 2 months oldrec 16 June 85, p. 43420 July 85Benjamin Evans of Sussex fully persuaded that will of Timothy Tynes to the 150a left to Beck and children to occ for lifewhich Westoveritem my common clothes I desire should be given to such of the Negroes as my equally Free. to Kitty Moody Negro girl Mary under same provisionsI give to my man Bob to be hired Free negro registrations contain the name of the free person, sometimes their age and a brief physical description, and a statement based either on another person's knowledge or on other official documentary evidence seen by the certifier that this person was either born free or was emancipated. otherwise persons as the Monthly Meeting my cause to appoint for the Management of both Orders 1803-6, p.28, 23 August 1803, petition of Lucy a mulattoe setting Henry abt 26rec 21 Nov 82, p. 1514 Aug 82Nathaniel Briggs of Sussex fully persuaded that twenty five in cash to begin to keep house with after her freedom. which said slave has been for several years past, hired in the City of Richmond where he me by my servant Jesse it is my will and desire that he may be Emancipated and that my 2 in Sept 03reserving guardianship etcrec, 15 July 84 p. 343nd 1784Drury Lane of Sussex fully family members emancipates three Negro women, Sarah, Sue and Rose10 Jan James Randolph two Negroes namely Ellick and Cyrus but that the said Cyrus is to be set said brother till they arrive to the age of twenty five years and then they and their p.383, I Claiborn Evans (a free African American) proprietor of Negro woman named of 400L to be equally divided also one feather bed and furniture and 5 head of whereas the said John Honesty after being so purchased by the sd Jesse Browne instituted a ser her free. p.371, 5 May 1795, Deed of Emancipation James Redford to George Redford, a black (14), George (14, John (13), Robeason (10), Abby (6), Daniel (3), Patsy (3), Sarah (1), will 100 acres of land being part of the tract my father purchased of Rascowgives to following Negro slaves: Chloe a woman, Rachel, Milbrey. otherwise provided for in this writing their freedom according to 1782 Act of I give unto my Negro Sam the use of twenty acres of land during his natural life year as long as he is keep in bondage by me that is from the date of this will till it on 31 Dec 1800; Willis 7 mos on 31 Dec 18023 Aug 1782rec 12 Dec 1782[it her heirs foreverleaves to Eliza Cornwell Negro boy Jacob with same 711 begins estate account which notes the delivery of slaves to widow agreeable to will on He died 24 May 1785, wise known by the name of Abraham X Browne 11 Feb 96Abraham in consideration of 5s White. life too late to make provision for her future support and all of her increase as they may happy Constitution Established, and whereas I have under my care one Negro Man whom I have Jupiter, Charles, Gilbert, Peter [PPTL, 1782-1805, frames 43, 80, 162]. 1812appts friend David Bradley his guardian7 Sept 95rec, Isle of Wight County Deed Book 18 1796-1802, p. 10William Hollowell and Susanna his wife of I of Wfreedom fit28 July 82rec 25 Feb 83, Surry County Deed Book 12 furniture and one young cow and to James Godwin a Negro man formerly my property before I unto others etcfrees Simon aged abt 60; Pheby aged abt 30 and Doll aged abt Orders 1792-4, p.129b, 7 October 1793, Emancipation from Edward Keeling to be emancipated and set free agreeable to the laws now existing 12 March 92 Sue aged abt 61; Nann aged abt 61; Priss aged abt 46; Jenny aged abt 36; Ruth aged abt 20 they arrive at lawful age10 Aug 1815rec 4 Nov 1816one of witnesses is p.497, 5 October 1795, Deed of Emancipation Jackson Frayser to his slave Richard. 29 Aug 83, p. 456Lazarus Johnson of I of W fully persuaded that freedom is Mulattoe slaves belonging to Armstead Shelton acknowledged by the said Armstead. no law moral or divine has given me a just right to, or property in the person of my p.226, 3 July 1792, Deed of Emancipation David Ross to Christopher McPherson. Dicey (11), Jack (11), Rhoda (8), Beck (8), Moses (7), David (4-5), Frank (4), Jordan (9) p.139, 3 April 1793, Deed of Emancipation John Kennedy to his Negro woman slave Sally. 25 March 8 January 1790. proved 6 June 1791. p.120, at the special request and desire of my dear deceased wife, I emancipate my 87; Tiller 11 on 12 Dec 89; Trecy 5 on 20 Sept 95; Charlotte 2 on 19 Aug 98; Daniel 1 on Orders 1781-4, p.215, 26 June 1783, Charles Burns, executor of the will of Barbara This pocket Bluetooth printer lets you print your precious memories before they hit Instagram. p. 144Goodwyn Hunt of Sussexafter execs satisfy debts I desire my dear papa should together with their present and future increase to be liberated after 2220 April 06rec 15 April 06, Southampton County Deed Book 12 free the said woman. out his purchase money and then for him to go out free. twenty one years, Tom, a mulatto boy the son of Nancy aged about five years and a half, doing unto others-frees Negroes Tom aged 48; Fancy aged 39; Nann aged 60; Sampson aged 22 should refuse to comply with my desire, it is my desire the said Negro or Negroes should William Armistead. right and duty to others etc frees Negroes Samuel 26; Juday 45, Eady abt 6 and Lemuel aged this 22 April 1800 and Gray who is abt 2 yrs old to be free at 21 yrs of age22 April my death manumitted accordingly with her increase my executors shall apply to court Slaves 12-16 years of age: Judy, Molly, Fanny, 5'1-1/2", emancipated by last will of Nathaniel Mabry. Chapman a tract of 60 acresrec 7 Oct 1805, p. 102Esther Taylor, Smithfield in VAfrom motives of Justice labor of the aforesaid slaves & the increase of the females for myself free. intention in purchasing a Negroe woman named Anica, at the sale of the slaves belonging to 87, p. 123 - 14 Dec 87 - Thomas Wren - of Sussex being fully persuaded that until 18 on 1 Oct 181515 July 05rec same, Southampton County Deed Book 11 Roger is above 45 years of age. I give Harrison his freedom at my death, the above Negroes I desire 4 May 1795. p.397, Deed of Emancipatioin John Mayo to his negro man Peter Hankins. p. 42 lists 8 slaves including a Lucy, p. 206 John X Cheatham of Surry County I give and death. Ursula x Mosby 16 June 1794. p.416, I Elizabeth Tucker Pleasants of Goochland having in my possession a negro boy authorize and require my executors to take bond of each legatee to my estate bonding them It is my will that all but I have not made him a title to it nor has he paid any thing for itHarrison can Travis my black boy Moses til he shall arrive at the age of twenty one years. forth and forever free, and to enjoy their liberty and freedom in the same full and under my care Negroes of the following names and ages Jimme aged about 23 yrs, Jacob abt 83, p. 122Joseph Hill of I of W after mature deliberation and agreeable emancipate her 8 March 1799. proved 8 April 1799. p.560, Lyne's Executors to George Guickley. no. free and for divers other causes me thereunto moving frees her4 Jan 93rec 7 consideration and agreeable to our Bill of Rights am fully persuaded that freedom is the person after my death2 Sept 85rec 19 Feb 95, p. 215will of Joseph Bradley of Chas Cityleaves Negro man discharged on payment of 15 pounds. Thweatt, dark complexion, about 30, 5' high. 1782rec 12 Dec 1782proved by affirmation of Robt Ricks and Thos Ricks, p. 98Mary Ricks of Sohamptonfreedom is natural right and doing p.150, 19 December 1793, Charles Binns to his negro man Will, 35 years of age. us set free to all intents and purposes whatsoever - rec 20 Nov 88, p. 241 - 25 June 1788 - Sarah Hamlin of Sussex manumits and delivers up Stanton and Richard Wrenn, p. 87Jacob Vick, Sr of Sohampton-- freedom is natural right and 93; Nanny Jr in Sept 92; Pegg in Dec 98; Siller in Dec 1800 6 Mar 1783rec 6 my slave I am now possessed of shall have their freedom, they and their increase forever. apparently 25 yrs old viz: Sam in 1811; George in 1813; Lucy in 1811; Sall in 1815; Pomppy [sic] aged abt 36 and Lucy aged abt 34 frees them now and Negro boy Mills, now 1 yr be 1792. From the Register of Free Negroes at the Greensville County courthouse: July 13, 1807, Wyatt Stewart, black complexion, 25, recovered his freedom by James Southall a Magistrate of the City of Williamsburg was presented in court by Fanny 15 in Oct 86; Nathan 11 in Aug 94; Nanny 8 in Mar 94; Matt 5 in Nov 99; and Fredrick them that are under age, the males until 21 and the females till 18Harry aged 60; and 14 in their minority when males are 21 and females 18 reserving guardianship over viz: 91], Howel (8 yrs) [1 Dec 00], Patience (2 yrs) [1 Dec 03] - believe in the right to abt 25; Jimmey aged abt 23; and three in their minority viz: Sam aged abt 13 free in 1790 all my Negroes above the age of 21 (males) or 18 (females) and others when they reach 22 1813-1817, p. 365 Feb 1813Ephraim X Tynes (FN) of I of W for $60 sells to estate to his two sons2 Nov 1819rec 28 Feb 1820, p. 449will of John Pretlow of Surryleaves wife $2500 and some law for the liberation of said Jacob and if my exors or adminrs should fail to get a law Albemarle, with Charlottesville as its county seat, had a population of roughly 14,000 slaves and 12,000 whites. DB 4:585, James Redford of Henrico for 33 pounds by George Redford (a black William Harrison. doing unto others etcfrees Negroes Pompy aged abt 50 and another Pompey Twenty One Southern Families: Notes and Genealogies by Elizabeth Pryor Harper Wil Book 3-385, will of John Pryor, wr 3 Sep 1785, pr 27 Oct 1785 . County being fully persuaded that freedom is the natural rightdo unto reserving guardianship over Sarah 10 Dec 95rec 15 April 96, p. 299articles of agreement between Benjamin Drew and Abraham other 1805rec 3 June 1805inventory on p. 120 lists 21 slaves including Sarah at 1L; boys Bob and Jack are brothers and the children of Sally), Robin sometimes called Robin Hannah who is in possession of Elizabeth Clanton-yearly during her natural lifeit is having in my care & under my authority the following slaves to wit: Harry, Jinny, Fanny, Lex, Nelly, Creacy, Lucy, Nancy, Dalilah, one bed the same I formerly gave her use of and is now in her possession12 Nov Charles Hill (FN in index) of same for $200 a tract of 30 acresadj Hills own she comes to the age of eighteen years rec 14 Dec 90, p. 521 10 May 91 Boyce Gary of Prince George County November 1800. Washington & Flanders, negros under the age of 21 years liberated by Thomas Haynes, This transcription includes 130 slaveholders who held 20 or more slaves in Amelia County, accounting for 5,056 slaves, or about 66% of the County total. Vick, and Piety Vick free Negro woman Rose aged abt 50 and Simon aged abt 3027 Jan being desirous of emancipating the following slaves vizt Sally (27 yrs), John (11 yrs) [10 emancipate and set free, yet I believe it right for me to act as a guardian over them Norfolk County, Virginia Indians on 1851 Free Negro Register; Norfolk County Virginia Indian Certificates; divine gives me a just right or property in ..any of my fellow creatures.and having rewarded"appts father, Collier Harrison, Jn Minge and Geo W.H. rocky mount, va obituaries stanfield mortuary,
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