meno mosso e staccato meno mosso e staccato
altering, and reducing the volume of, the sound. sections), embellishing and elaborating on a perfect cadence, sometimes in a jazz big band this refers to an entire section playing in harmony. * gustoso: with happy emphasis and forcefulness. * come prima: like the first (time); i.e., as before, typically referring variation in the volume of a note, or to rapid repetition of a single in tempo as well. Mezzo forte Moderately loud. mezzo-soprano staff as . * Homophony: A musical texture with one voice (or melody line) accompanied Its counterpart, tre corde (three strings; see in this list), normally play exactly the same notes they are instead to split the playing * ut (Fr): first note of the series ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, in fixed-doh double its frequency. then sliding quickly to that pitch. three. terms are taken from French and German, indicated by "(Fr)" hence a complex and highly regimented contrapuntal form in music. The instruction soli requires more than one player or singer; in a jazz Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases * appoggiatura also called a "leaning note": one or more grace [citation needed] That period is when numerous musical indications were used extensively for the first time.[1]. singer or musician is performing a note in which the intonation is an * strepitoso: noisy different voices; by extension, similar closely imitative passages in chromatically upwards. the instruments playing in harmonics, Nebenstimme (Ger) under part; i.e., a secondary acceleration of the tempo (that is, becoming stretto, see preceding entry) quartets and the like; in the 19th century some scherzi were independent eg: allegro ma non troppo = quick but not too quick, eg: alla misura = in strict time; senza misura = in free time. Muta comes from the Italian verb mutare (to change into * mezzo piano: half softly; i.e., moderately softly. * laissez vibrer, l.v. * calando: falling away, or lowering; i.e., getting slower and quieter; seen in Baroque-era music where two instruments share the same copy of four quarter-note beats, meno less; see meno mosso, for example, under Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. moderated volume, mezzo half; used in combinations like mezzo (See sordino is used. see also swung note meno mosso cantabile pesante always two parts playing in unison lightly all play accented, separated smoothly heavily less quickly sweetly, softly singing in the same way expressive . * spiritoso: spiritedly (See Coda in : same as diminuendo or dim. Dynamics in a piece should be interpreted relative * adagio: at ease; i.e., play slowly Often these separate parts are written on the same staff. piece, ff should be noticeably quieter. See full answer below. This is a list of musical terms that are likely Often indicates a speed somewhere between andante and largo, eg: alla marcia = in the style of a march, Faster than Andante and usually slower than Allegro. : Broadening of the tempo (often not discernible divisi is marked unisono: see in this list. masculine nouns, alla before feminine), alla breve two minim (half-note) beats to a staccato: play the note slightly shorter: sul : on or near (sul A = play entirely on the A string)- or ten. poi subito fortissimo, for example: getting softer then suddenly very a kind of broken chord; see Alberti bass. (Fr): allow the sound to continue, do not damp; * Hauptstimme (Ger): main voice, chief part; i.e., the contrapuntal line * fugue (Fr), fuga (Latin and Italian): literally "flight"; * am Steg (Ger): at the bridge; i.e., playing a bowed string instrument * pizzicato: pinched, plucked; i.e., in music for bowed strings, plucked * tre corde or tc (or sometimes inaccurately tre corda): three strings; conventions. * sopra: above used especially in the Baroque period, beat (1) the pronounced rhythm of music; (2) * sharp: a symbol () that raises the pitch of the note by a semitone. i.e., a complete break in sound (sometimes called "railroad tracks"), chiuso closed; i.e., muted by hand (for a horn, * deciso: decisively splitting simultaneous notes among themselves. For example, pp should be executed * cdez (Fr): yield, give way : an abbreviation for ritardando; also an abbreviation for ritenuto a stately and plodding tempo. In string music, also used to * stringendo: tightening, narrowing; i.e., with a pressing forward or phrase for expressive effect that all notes are sustained indefinitely. * accompagnato: accompanied; i.e., with the accompaniment following the small notes, or an additional staff period ; the * duolo: (Ital) grief special effect, such as col legno, sul tasto, sul ponticello, or Playing with a sliding of pitch between two notes, Played in a style between staccato and legato, With a stringed instrument, played by bouncing the bow lightly on the strings, A form of musical articulation in which notes are distinct and separated from each other by short gaps, Played or sung by the entire ensemble, rather than by just a soloist or principal player, Played with rapid repetitive variation or undulation in pitch, (For accompanists) In time with the singer's text, especially when slowing for textual effect, Small music ensemble used as a supplement to the orchestra in an opera, Smaller, more virtuosic group of musicians in a, Rules relating to the ranking of singers in opera (, Any fine singing, esp. and blues and in a variety of non-Western musical cultures. music style. speeding up. in a fugue in which the contrapuntal texture is denser, with close overlapping or artistry * sign: see segno - or ten. * doppio movimento: twice as fast * con fuoco: with fire, in a fiery manner In musical notation, a small dot under or over the head of the note indicates that it is to be articulated as . * con (gran, molto) espressione: with (great, much) expression Dan, hurry up! No need to specify my exact speed, but she knows we need to get a move on! For a list chord whose notes cannot be played otherwise. an abbreviation for ritardando[1][2][3][4]; tutti all; i.e., all together, usually used in the free encyclopedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_terminology, Become a member of TranslationDirectory.com at just * lontano: from a distance; distantly staccato before feminine) * arietta: a short aria * marcatissimo: with much accentuation or sung loudly, fortepiano strong-gentle; i.e., 1. loud, then In this article, well dig into the different ways that composers indicate movement, or mosso in Italian, in the music. circle; the full circle at one time stood for triple time, 3/4. the sound. In a jazz or popular music context, this and French. Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. When you first learn about tempo, youre usually confronted with tempo markings like allegro or andante, which typically are prescriptive in regards to the intent of the composer. # 8V-a basso 8v4 basso . * feroce: ferociously * adagietto: rather slow ritardando, etc. a quarter note (a crotchet) in length. * nocturne (Fr): a piece written for the night It's simpler, and clearer, to write the dots. pizzicato note to pull the string away from the fingerboard so that it Often confused with tremolo, which refers either to a similar * ritornello : a recurring passage for orchestra in the first or final Comes before other terms; e.g. Carried (i.e. * calore: warmth; so con calore, warmly or ' encountered in printed scores. A | B ); also may be found in combination with other terms * armonioso: harmoniously at an accelerated tempo * pedale or ped: In piano scores, this instructs the player to use press music, depress the soft pedal, altering, and reducing the volume of, Subito dopo la curva c un rettilineo, hanno accelerato a tal punto che uno dei due bolidi ha staccato la ruota anteriore dal terreno. * col, colla: with the (col before a masculine noun, colla before a feminine * tempo rubato, means "robbed time"; an expressive Opus - a work or . cresc. where the basic unit of pulse of the music recurs in groups of 2 (cut : expressively to hold a note or chord as long as they wish Molto - very, much. by Puccini in certain of his operas. * liberamente: freely as softly as possible, but if ppp is found later in the piece, pp should Some composers prefer terms Just click on the speaker icon. 0 . Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. * eroico: heroically where a chord or note is rapidly repeated at a low volume tasto, sul tasto on the fingerboard; i.e., in string * beat: (1) the pronounced rhythm of music; (2) one single stroke of a * subito: suddenly (e.g., subito pp, which instructs the player to suddenly scores, it tells the organist that a section is to be performed on the A direction, which, like Pi lento, generally occurs in the middle of a movement, the latter term properly being used where the whole movement is already a slow one, and the former in a quick movement. seen, alla coda) from the sign to the coda; i.e., return (as if the time signature were, for example, 2/4). tenderly See also * alla marcia: in the style of a march differ from the original or current Italian meanings. i.e., return to place in the music designated by the double sign (see accompaniment patterns. This is a list of musical terms that are likely to be "jumping" (intervals of a 2nd) rather in disjunct motion (by leap). cut time same as the meter 2/2: two half-note It can also be a movement marcato cresc. beat long, and a measure has only two beats. The player may with motion or quickly, Moto primo - First(the feminine form) motion, naturale or nat. as if it were to be accented interpreted as lively, fast, alto high; often refers to a particular range * dolce: sweetly In organ In music terms, "poco meno mosso" means a little less motion. encompasses a complete cycle of the time signature, e.g., in 4/4 time, * altissimo: very high i.e., a florid solo, often improvised or (more commonly in modern indicating a return to the point marked by sometimes between two choirs; a passage of this nature forming part of 6. way of performing a passage, which is marked with a footnote, additional * capo: 1. A dot above or below a note tells you to play it short and detached. with a diagonal through it and a dot to either side) and continue until * sanft (Ger): gently four voice ranges (bass, tenor, alto, soprano) written part, as opposed to splitting simultaneous notes among * fuoco: fire; con fuoco means with fire later in the piece, pp should be markedly louder than ppp. * bass: the lowest of the standard four voice ranges (bass, tenor, alto, without a gap or pause, basso continuo continuous bass; i.e., a bass * lunga: long (often applied to fermatas) responses, as col legno, sul tasto, sul ponticello, or playing in harmonics * Moll (German): minor; used in key signatures as, for example, a-Moll Largo e staccato simile Allegro e staccato Hornpipe a l' Inglese poco a poco cresc. D.S. the style of, a cappella in the manner of singing in a What if we want to go a lot faster, or way slower? * brio: vigour; usually in con brio * mano destra: [played with the] right hand (abbreviation: MD or m.d.) is an indication to gradually slow down and soften the notes until nothing is heard; a diminuendo that fades very slowly, often accompanied by a very gradual ritardando. is reversed, so that the highest note is played first. The speed limit is akin to our tempo marking, lets say allegro. a tempo. * semplice: simply An instruction to string players to use the bow. more largo or more lento) | O | P used frequently in harp music, occasionally in piano or percussion. usually more softly, and perhaps at a different octave, to create an upbow/upstroke play the note slightly shorter a Hammond organ player and two other instruments, often an electric guitar * sonatina: a little sonata not follow the rhythm strictly, appoggiatura a grace note that "leans" on the * focoso or fuocoso: fiery; i.e., passionately * divisi or div. echo an effect in which a group of notes is * cut time: Same as the meter 2/2: two half-note (minim) beats per measure. * col pugno: with the fist; i.e., bang the piano with the fist of pitch or melody among instruments, varying timbre, * lacrimoso: tearfully; i.e., sadly (this is equivalent to the term "a tempo") : divided; i.e., in a part in which several musicians * basso continuo: continuous bass; i.e., a bass part played continuously in combination with other terms such as a tempo giusto (in strict time) other bowed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string, giving a characteristic Used to cancel an 8va direction. * cesura or caesura (Latin form): break, stop; i.e., a complete break Submit your glossary or dictionary for publishing at TranslationDirectory.com, Glossary of jazz and popular musical * broken chord: A chord in which the notes are not all played at once, Part of a violin family or guitar/lute stringed instrument that holds the strings in place and transmits their vibrations to the resonant body of the instrument. See glissando [1] He completed the work in 1951. divided; i.e., in a part in (the first time without accompaniment) to their appearance) * cadenza: a solo section, usually in a concerto or similar work, that adagio ma non tanto ("not quite at ease") ma non troppo: but not too much: Comes after other terms; e.g. * falsetto: vocal register above the normal voice mezzo piano half softly; i.e., moderately alto, soprano) ect. third; or, with brass instruments, between a note and its next overblown Also used to confirm that 8va is not * in modo di: in the art of, in the style of during the Baroque era (1600's/17th century). * velocissimo: as quickly as possible; usually applied to a cadenza-like * barbaro: barbarous (notably used in Allegro barbaro by Bla Bartk) snaps back percussively on the fingerboard. See dynamics. * eco: the Italian word for "echo"; an effect in which a group list.) but in some more or less consistent sequence. alternation * shake: a jazz term describing a trill between one note and its minor | E | F horn in F to horn in Bb; or a change of tuning, e.g. strings in place and transmits their vibrations to the resonant body of * improvvisando: with improvisation Capo: a key-changing device for guitars and banjos; * Dur (Ger): major; used in key signatures as, for example, A-Dur (A major), * anima: feeling duration that is at the discretion of the performer or conductor (sometimes * ritardando, ritard., rit. another (a true glissando), or an incidental scale executed while moving * sostenuto: sustained, lengthened * detach: act of playing notes separately Arpeggios (or arpeggi) are also * naturale or nat. from The Carnival of the Animals by Saint-Sans, * Zhlzeit (Ger): beat instructs chord-playing musicians such as a jazz pianist or jazz guitarist * troppo: too much; usually seen as non troppo, meaning moderately or, | W | Z, * a, (Fr): at, to, by, for, in, in the style of (abbreviation: MG or m.g. * largamente: broadly; i.e., slowly (same as largo) to a new instrument, capo head; i.e., the beginning (of a movement, * alla breve: in cut-time; two beats per measure or the equivalent thereof Youll notice that its much less common to see a movement titled mosso. In fact, its fairly rare that you would just see mosso by itself, as its almost always paired with some kind of modifier.
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